This systematic review published in 2012 provides key insights into the use of carotid micronutrients in the prevention of cellular UV damage. Photoprotection from carotenoids seems to relate to the ability to absorb UV light, diverting light from damaging the cellular structures. Authors suggest that while the evidence for topical use alone is insufficient to mitigate any damage, supplementation may offer an opportunity to fortify the Basel dermal defense against the UV irradiation.
References:
Stahl, W., & Sies, H. (2012). β-Carotene and other carotenoids in protection from sunlight. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 96(5), 1179S–84S. https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.112.034819